Monday, October 1, 2018

NCERT 12 BIO 1 CH

Question 1:
Why is reproduction essential for organisms?
Answer 1:
Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all living organisms. It is a
biological process through which living organisms produce offspring’s
similar to them. Reproduction ensures the continuance of various species on
the Earth. In the absence of reproduction, the species will not be able to exist
for a long time and may soon get extinct.


Question 2:
Which is a better mode of reproduction sexual or asexual? Why?
Answer 2:
Sexual reproduction is a better mode of reproduction. It allows the formation
of new variants by the combination of the DNA from two different
individuals, typically one of each sex. It involves the fusion of the male and
the female gamete to produce variants, which are not identical to their
parents and to themselves. This variation allows the individual to adapt to
constantly changing and challenging environments. Also, it leads to the
evolution of better suited organisms which ensures greater survival of a
species. On the contrary, asexual reproduction allows very little or no
variation at all. As a result, the individuals produced are exact copies of their
parents and themselves.



Question 3:
Why is the offspring formed by asexual reproduction referred to as clone?
Answer 3:
A clone is a group of morphologically and genetically identical individuals.
In the process of asexual reproduction, only one parent is involved and there
is no fusion of the male and the female gamete. As a result, the offsprings
so produced are morphologically and genetically similar to their parents and
are thus, called clones.



Question 3:
Why is the offspring formed by asexual reproduction referred to as clone?
Answer 3:
A clone is a group of morphologically and genetically identical individuals.
In the process of asexual reproduction, only one parent is involved and there
is no fusion of the male and the female gamete. As a result, the offsprings
so produced are morphologically and genetically similar to their parents and
are thus, called clones.



Question 3:
Why is the offspring formed by asexual reproduction referred to as clone?
Answer 3:
A clone is a group of morphologically and genetically identical individuals.
In the process of asexual reproduction, only one parent is involved and there
is no fusion of the male and the female gamete. As a result, the offsprings
so produced are morphologically and genetically similar to their parents and
are thus, called clones.


Question 4:
Offspring formed due to sexual reproduction have better chances of
survival. Why? Is this statement always true?
Answer 4:
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of the male and the female gamete.
This fusion allows the formation of new variants by the combination of the
DNA from two (usually) different members of the species. The variations
allow the individuals to adapt under varied environmental conditions for
better chances of survival. However, it is not always necessary that the
offspring produced due to sexual reproduction has better chances of
survival. Under some circumstances, asexual reproduction is more
advantageous for certain organisms. For example, some individuals who do
not move from one place to another and are well settled in their
environment. Also, asexual reproduction is a fast and a quick mode of
reproduction which does not consume much time and energy as compared
to sexual reproduction.

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